Experimental verification of numerical simulations of cryosurgery

As a part of an ongoing effort to develop computerized planning tools for cryosurgery, an experimental study has been conducted to verify a recently developed numerical technique for bioheat transfer simulations. Experiments were performed on gelatin solution as a phantom material, using proprietary liquid-nitrogen cryoprobes. Urethral warming was simulated with the application of a cryoheater, which is a proprietary temperaturecontrolled electrical heater. The experimental design was aimed at creating a 2D heat transfer problem. Analysis of experimental results was based on reconstruction of the frozen region from video recordings, using a regiongrowing segmentation algorithm. Results of this study show an average disagreement of 2.9% in the size of the frozen region, between experimental data and numerical simulation of the same experiment, which validates both the recently developed algorithm for numerical simulations and the newly developed algorithm for segmentation from video recordings. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)